Sabtu, 23 Juni 2012

Budidaya Waluh

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

 

. PENDAHULUAN

Tanaman waluh merupakan tanaman semusim,momoecious, batangnya menjalar, berbulu lunak sedikit agak kasar, batangnya agak keras, penampangnya membulat atau bersegi lima. Daun – daunnya besar, berlekuk dangkal, kadang bercak putih, ukuran daun 20 x 30 cm dan panjang daun 12 – 30 cm.
Bunga – bunganya acuminate dalam tunas, mahkotanya kuningatau orange, panjang mahkota 10 – 12 cm.
Buah beragam, kulit keras, warnanya hijau pudar / kuning, daging buah kuning, bertekstur halus dengan dengan serat serat gelatin, biji berlemak, biji agak besar, berwarna putih sampai coklat gelap, simetris sampai asimetris.
Tanaman waluh termasuk Familia cuubitaceae, contoh varietas waluh antara lain : Var Sugar, Var Buttermet, Kentucky.
II. IKLIM DAN TANAH
Tanaman waluh mempuyai adaptasi tinggi terhadap suhu dingin, senang daerah kering dengan curah hujan sedang, seringkali ditanam pada musim kemarau pada berbagai kondisi tanah, asal tanah subur dan draenase baik.
III. BUDIDAYA TANAMAN
Tanaman waluh diperbanyak dengan bijinya, tetapi dapat ditanam dengan stek batangnya karena pada buku – bukunya berakar.
Tanaman ini biasanya ditanam di bedengan atau gundukan tanah dengan jarak tanam 50 x 70 cm untuk tipe tidak menjalar dan100 x 125 cm untuk tipe menjalar. Beberapa biji ( 2 – 4 ) ditanam dalam tiap lubang tanam. Setelah tumbuh semua di perjarang / diadakan penjarangan dengan ditinggal 1 – 2 tanaman ,kebutuhan benih kurang lebih 3 – 5 kg/ha.
Tanaman waluh membutuhkan pupuk disamping pupuk kandang juga diperlukan pupuk anorganik yakni pupul NPK guna memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan menaikan hasil buah. Dosis pupuk NPK berkisar 600 – 800 kg/ha dengan perbandingan 5 : 10 : 10. Pupuk kandang diberikan pada saat pengolahan tanah yakni dicampur dengan tanah kemudian dimasukan dalam lubang tanam.
IV. PANEN
Tanaman waluh dapat di panen mulai buah yang masih muda sebelum kulitnya keras, buah ini dapat dipanen pertama pada umur 7 – 8 minggu kemudian pembuahan berlangsung terus selama beberapa minggu , produksi rata – rata dapat mencapai 7 – 12 ton per hektar. Buah tua dapat dipanen pada umur 3 – 4 bulan dan hasilnya dapat mencapai 25 ton per hektar.buah setelah dipanen dapat disimpan pada suhu 30 – 38 0 C selama dua minggu untuk menggeraskan kulitnya, kemudian dapat disimpan baik pada suhu 13 – 200 C. Tentang gangguan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman waluh baik dikebun maupun pada buah yang telah dipanen tidak serius bahkan bisa dibilang tidak berpengaruh/tidak ada

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